Civic Myth, Imperial Reality: Putin’s Political Nationalism
In Russia, now in the fourth year of its invasion of Ukraine, the public sense of “we” is shifting from an ethnic-religious basis to a civic and emotional one. Though many expected blood-and-soil nationalism to prevail, it has not. Being Russian is increasingly defined by citizenship, attachment to the state, and a declared feeling of Russianness.
Russia: The West’s Prodigal Sibling
In May 1905, when the Russian fleet was nearly destroyed by Japan’s navy at Tsushima, the decisive battle of the Russo-Japanese War, the global perception was unmistakable. For the first time since the Middle Ages, a non-European nation had defeated a European power in a major war. At the time, Russia was seen unambiguously as part of the West, a European power both in appearance and ambition.